The Components of Classical Conditioning
Classical conditioning is a very important part of psychology. The person who came up with classical conditioning was a man named Ivan Palov. Palov's ideas are widely believed to be the stepping stone to John B. Watson's thoughts that developed into behaviorism.
Classical conditioning has five components the first is neutral stimulus (NS). Neutral Stimulus is a stimulus that provokes no response in an experiment.
The second component is unconditioned response or UR. In classical conditioning unconditioned responses are a natural response like a dog's saliva flowing at the sight of food such as in Palov's experiment.
The next component is unconditioned stimulus or US. An unconditioned stimulus ties very closely in with an unconditnoed response. An unconditioned stimulus is something that naturally triggers a response. So if a dog salivated at the sight of food the food would be the unconditioned stimulus.
The fourth component is a conditioned stimulus (CS). Conditioned stimulus is often a former neutral stimulus. The term conditioned means taught, so a conditioned stimulus is a learned response. An example of this would be in Palov's experiment where a tone was sounded. The tone originally provoked no response, but after food was brought to the dog with the tone, the dog began to associate the tone with the food. Since the tone is now associated with the food, the once neutral stimulus is now a conditioned stimulus.
Now onto the last component: Conditioned response or CR. Remember back to the previous paragraph where discussed conditioned stimulus. Also remember the situation with the dog. As afromentioned the dog now associates the tone with food so the saliva begins to flow upon the dog hearing the tone. The dogs saliva response to this tone is known as the conditioned response.
I hope I have done a good job explaining the five aforementioned components to classical conditioning. Below I have posted two links. The first is a link is a chart that has the five components and gives you a good visual on the components in chart form. The second link is more information pertaining to Ivan Palov's experiments with his dog.
Links:
www.hartnell.edu/.../5%20elements%20of%20CC.pdf
http://www.nobelprize.org/educational/medicine/pavlov/readmore.html
Classical conditioning has five components the first is neutral stimulus (NS). Neutral Stimulus is a stimulus that provokes no response in an experiment.
The second component is unconditioned response or UR. In classical conditioning unconditioned responses are a natural response like a dog's saliva flowing at the sight of food such as in Palov's experiment.
The next component is unconditioned stimulus or US. An unconditioned stimulus ties very closely in with an unconditnoed response. An unconditioned stimulus is something that naturally triggers a response. So if a dog salivated at the sight of food the food would be the unconditioned stimulus.
The fourth component is a conditioned stimulus (CS). Conditioned stimulus is often a former neutral stimulus. The term conditioned means taught, so a conditioned stimulus is a learned response. An example of this would be in Palov's experiment where a tone was sounded. The tone originally provoked no response, but after food was brought to the dog with the tone, the dog began to associate the tone with the food. Since the tone is now associated with the food, the once neutral stimulus is now a conditioned stimulus.
Now onto the last component: Conditioned response or CR. Remember back to the previous paragraph where discussed conditioned stimulus. Also remember the situation with the dog. As afromentioned the dog now associates the tone with food so the saliva begins to flow upon the dog hearing the tone. The dogs saliva response to this tone is known as the conditioned response.
I hope I have done a good job explaining the five aforementioned components to classical conditioning. Below I have posted two links. The first is a link is a chart that has the five components and gives you a good visual on the components in chart form. The second link is more information pertaining to Ivan Palov's experiments with his dog.
Links:
www.hartnell.edu/.../5%20elements%20of%20CC.pdf
http://www.nobelprize.org/educational/medicine/pavlov/readmore.html